Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy
07:52

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy

Published on: November 7, 2017

Incidence of acute myocardial infarction in the evolution of dialysis patients

Carmen Sánchez-Perales1, Eduardo Vázquez-Ruiz de Castroviejo, Pilar Segura-Torres

  • 1Servicio de Nefrología, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén. mcsanchezp@senefro.org

Nefrologia : Publicacion Oficial De La Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia
|September 28, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is common in dialysis patients, especially those with prior coronary artery disease (CAD). Post-infarction mortality is high, underscoring the need for improved cardiovascular care in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is highly prevalent in patients undergoing dialysis.
  • Significant variability exists in reported rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among dialysis patients.
  • Understanding AMI incidence and outcomes in this population is crucial for clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of AMI in patients initiating dialysis.
  • To analyze the characteristics and clinical outcomes of AMI in incident dialysis patients.
  • To identify risk factors for AMI in patients on dialysis.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective recording of AMI events in dialysis patients from 1999-2007.
  • Assessment of patient demographics, comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, prior CAD, PAD, atrial fibrillation, tobacco use), and biochemical markers.
  • Long-term follow-up until transplant, death, loss to follow-up, or study end (December 2010).

Main Results:

  • AMI incidence was 2.13 per 100 patient-years, significantly higher (7.53/100 patient-years) in patients with prior CAD.
  • AMI occurred within the first year of dialysis in 37.5% of cases.
  • Predictors of AMI included older age, prior CAD, and diabetes as the cause of nephropathy.
  • In-hospital mortality was 30%, with 80% of investigated patients showing multi-vessel disease.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of AMI is notably high in patients starting dialysis.
  • Patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease face a threefold increased risk of AMI.
  • High post-infarction mortality and frequent multi-vessel disease characterize AMI in this cohort.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...