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Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics
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Published on: December 14, 2011

The female athlete triad.

Taraneh Gharib Nazem1, Kathryn E Ackerman

  • 1Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Sports Health
|September 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The female athlete triad, involving menstrual dysfunction, low energy availability, and low bone density, requires a multidisciplinary approach for effective treatment and prevention in young athletes.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • The female athlete triad is a common condition in young female athletes.
  • It involves menstrual dysfunction, low energy availability, and decreased bone mineral density.
  • Diagnosis and treatment are complex, often necessitating an interdisciplinary team.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the major components of the female athlete triad.
  • To examine strategies for diagnosis and treatment of the triad's conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of articles from 1981 to the present.
  • Literature search conducted on PubMed.

Main Results:

  • Treatment aims for the return of menses and improved bone mineral density.

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  • Maximizing energy availability and optimizing vitamin D and calcium intake are recommended.
  • No specific drug intervention consistently improves bone mineral density in this population.

    • Conclusions:

    • Treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare professionals, coaches, and family.
    • Prevention is crucial to minimize complications associated with the female athlete triad.