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Columnar processing in primate pFC: evidence for executive control microcircuits.

Ioan Opris1, Robert E Hampson, Greg A Gerhardt

  • 1Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|September 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored prefrontal cortex (pFC) minicolumns in decision-making using a novel recording array in primates. They found specific neural firing patterns within pFC minicolumns are crucial for accurate target selection.

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Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis
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Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

Published on: June 20, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Primate Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Disruptions in prefrontal cortex (pFC) neural activity underlie cognitive disorders.
  • pFC interlaminar (columnar) microcircuits, or minicolumns, are vital for executive decision-making.
  • Understanding the minicolumnar basis of executive control has been limited by technological constraints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of interlaminar pFC minicolumns in the executive control of task-related target selection.
  • To elucidate the real-time columnar processing in the pFC during decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a unique conformal multielectrode recording array for high-resolution neural recordings.
  • Recorded neural activity in nonhuman primates performing a visuomotor delayed match-to-sample (DMS) task.
  • Administered a task-disrupting drug (cocaine) to assess performance-dependent neural activity.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated target-specific, interlaminar correlated firing between neuron pairs in pFC layers 2/3 and layer 5 minicolumns during decision-making.
  • Observed reduced correlated firing within minicolumns during error trials, indicating functional significance.
  • Showed that cocaine administration reduced interlaminar firing in pFC minicolumns, correlating with impaired performance.

Conclusions:

  • Provided direct evidence for task-specific, real-time columnar processing in the pFC.
  • Highlighted the critical role of interlaminar microcircuits (minicolumns) in the executive control of decision-making.
  • Established a link between pFC minicolumnar function and cognitive performance in primates.