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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Published on: January 20, 2012

Agoraphobia: an outreach treatment programme.

Alison Croft¹, Ann Hackmann

¹Oxford Cognitive Therapy Centre, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK. alison.croft@oxfordhealth.nhs.uk

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy

|September 29, 2012

Summary

This study developed an affordable agoraphobia treatment service using trained volunteers, showing high effectiveness comparable to standard care. Further research is needed to improve long-term outcomes and client engagement.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Published on: January 20, 2012

Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Clinical Psychology
Public Health

Background:

Agoraphobia is a debilitating condition with significant barriers to accessing effective treatment.
There is a need for accessible and cost-effective interventions for individuals with agoraphobia.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the development of an inexpensive agoraphobia treatment service.
To evaluate the service's effectiveness and compare it with existing psychological services.

Main Methods:

The service involved selecting, training, and supervising volunteers to deliver home-based or local interventions.
Outcomes were assessed over a 5-year period.
The service's effectiveness was benchmarked against the local psychology service.

Main Results:

The volunteer-delivered service demonstrated high effect sizes across all outcome measures.
Results were comparable to those achieved by the local psychology service.
A notable drop-out rate was observed, consistent with previous studies.

Conclusions:

The developed service model is effective, inexpensive, and practical for treating agoraphobia.
Further research should focus on long-term outcomes and strategies to enhance client engagement and reduce attrition.