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Related Concept Videos

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity
11:56

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[Progress in activity-dependent structural plasticity of neural circuits in cortex].

Xiao-Ping Rao1, Zhi-Xiang Xu, Fu-Qiang Xu

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Dong Wu Xue Yan Jiu = Zoological Research
|September 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Neural circuits in the brain show remarkable structural plasticity, changing in response to development, learning, and disease. This review covers dendritic and axonal plasticity, mechanisms, and future research directions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Context:

  • Mammalian cerebral cortex exhibits significant structural and functional plasticity.
  • Advances in imaging and molecular biology enable in vivo observation of neural circuits.
  • Activity-dependent structural plasticity is a key area of research.

Purpose:

  • To review experimental findings on structural plasticity in the cerebral cortex.
  • To focus on dendritic structural plasticity across various conditions.
  • To introduce axonal structural plasticity and its underlying mechanisms.

Summary:

  • Dendritic structural plasticity, particularly concerning dendritic spines (morphology and quantity), is examined in development, enriched environments, sensory deprivation, disease, and learning.
  • Axonal structural plasticity is also discussed.
  • Molecular and cellular mechanisms driving structural plasticity are introduced.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of structural plasticity in the mammalian cerebral cortex.
  • Highlights the dynamic nature of neural circuits in response to stimuli and conditions.
  • Identifies future research challenges in understanding neural circuit dynamics.