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Lifestyle modification programmes for patients with coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of

Veronica Janssen1, Véronique De Gucht, Elise Dusseldorp

  • 1Department of Health Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands. VJanssen@fsw.leidenuniv.nl

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
|October 2, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Lifestyle modification programs for coronary heart disease patients significantly reduce mortality and cardiac events. These programs improve risk factors and health behaviors, offering benefits beyond standard clinical care.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Health Behavior Science

Background:

  • Lifestyle modification programs (LMPs) are established interventions for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, improving risk factors, quality of life, and mortality.
  • Recent advancements in routine cardiac care may impact the added benefits of older LMP designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of LMPs for CHD patients developed between 1999 and 2009.
  • To assess the impact of LMPs on mortality, cardiac events, risk factors, and health behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 23 randomized controlled trials.
  • Inclusion of 11,085 randomized patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease.

Main Results:

  • LMPs were associated with significant reductions in all-cause mortality (OR 1.34) and cardiac mortality (OR 1.48).
  • Cardiac readmissions and non-fatal reinfarctions were reduced (OR 1.35) with LMPs.
  • Positive effects on risk factors and behaviors were observed at post-treatment (10.2 months) and long-term follow-up (33.7 months).
  • Programs incorporating goal setting, self-monitoring, planning, and feedback showed greater improvements in diet and exercise.

Conclusions:

  • LMPs provide significant benefits for coronary heart disease patients, complementing routine clinical care.
  • The findings support the continued implementation and refinement of LMPs in cardiac rehabilitation.
  • Self-regulation techniques enhance the effectiveness of lifestyle modification interventions for CHD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiac rehabilitationcoronary heart diseaselifestyle modificationmeta-analysissecondary preventionself-regulation

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