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Age-related decrease in human corneal γ-glutamyltranspeptidase activity.

Patrick Redmond1, Jordan M Burnham, Marlyn P Langford

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA.

Cornea
|October 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human corneal gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) activity declines with age due to fewer GGT-positive cells and reduced activity per cell. This impacts corneal hydration and antioxidant potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biochemistry
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Human corneal gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) is an ectoenzyme crucial for maintaining corneal hydration and antioxidant capacity through glutathione recapture.
  • Age-related changes in corneal GGT activity may impact ocular health and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the age-related effects on human corneal GGT activity.
  • To determine differences in GGT activity and endothelial cell density between younger and older donor corneas.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed total, endothelial, and epithelial GGT activity using a colorimetric assay.
  • Determined endothelial cell density.
  • Utilized immunohistochemistry to analyze GGT localization and expression in corneal tissues from 29 donors (age range: 13-83 years).

Main Results:

  • Younger corneas (<50 years) exhibited significantly higher total (37%), endothelial (44%), and epithelial (36%) GGT activities compared to older corneas (≥50 years).
  • Age-related decline rates for GGT activity were observed across corneal layers, alongside a decrease in endothelial cell density.
  • Reduced GGT activity per endothelial cell and fewer GGT-positive epithelial cells were noted in older corneas.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related loss of human corneal GGT activity is linked to decreased endothelial and epithelial GGT activity.
  • This decline is attributed to a reduced number of GGT-positive cells and diminished GGT activity per endothelial cell.
  • Findings suggest potential implications for corneal health and function with aging.