Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Baroreflex sensitivity after adenotonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep apnea during wakefulness and sleep

Joseph A Crisalli1, Keith McConnell, Rhonda D Vandyke

  • 1Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Sleep
|October 2, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Adenotonsillectomy improved cardiovascular risk factors in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). While baroreflex sensitivity increased, it did not fully normalize six months post-surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children is linked to impaired baroreflex sensitivity and elevated blood pressure variability.
  • These physiological changes represent significant risk factors for future cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of adenotonsillectomy on baroreflex sensitivity, blood pressure, and heart rate modulation in children with OSA.
  • To determine if surgical treatment normalizes these cardiovascular parameters.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 194 children (133 with OSA, 61 controls) underwent polysomnography, electrocardiography, and continuous blood pressure monitoring.
  • Measurements were taken before and at 6 weeks and 6 months after adenotonsillectomy for the OSA group.
  • Baroreflex sensitivity was assessed in time and frequency domains.

Main Results:

  • Post-adenotonsillectomy, children with OSA showed improved baroreflex sensitivity and reduced blood pressure variability.
  • A decrease in blood pressure during sleep and heart rate during wakefulness was observed.
  • While baroreflex sensitivity improved, it did not reach complete normalization by 6 months post-surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Adenotonsillectomy offers gradual improvement in cardiovascular risk factors for children with OSA.
  • Complete normalization of baroreceptor sensitivity is not achieved within six months of surgical treatment.
Abstract

Keywords:
Sleep apneabaroreflexblood pressure variabilityhypertensiontonsillectomy

More Related Videos

Implantation of Combined Telemetric ECG and Blood Pressure Transmitters to Determine Spontaneous Baroreflex Sensitivity in Conscious Mice09:56

Implantation of Combined Telemetric ECG and Blood Pressure Transmitters to Determine Spontaneous Baroreflex Sensitivity in Conscious Mice

Published on: February 14, 2021

Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats06:30

Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats

Published on: September 11, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype01:26

Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype

β-adrenoceptors have varied sensitivities towards adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline. The order of agonist potency is as follows:
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors have equal affinities for...
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation01:25

Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation

Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...