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Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility
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Phosphorus concentration and loading reductions following changes in fertilizer application and formulation on
K W King1, J C Balogh, S G Agrawal
1USDA-ARS-Soil Drainage Research Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. kevin.king@ars.usda.gov
Journal of Environmental Monitoring : JEM
|October 3, 2012
Summary
Reducing phosphorus application on golf courses significantly lowered stream concentrations of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) and total phosphorus (TP). Organic formulations and reduced rates are recommended for turf managers to improve water quality.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Water Quality Management
- Agronomy
Background:
- Excess phosphorus in surface waters causes severe eutrophication.
- Effective management strategies are crucial for addressing water quality concerns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of two phosphorus management approaches on water quality.
- To assess the effectiveness of reduced rates and organic formulations in a golf course sub-watershed.
Main Methods:
- A before-after study was conducted from 2003-2010.
- Two phosphorus management periods were compared: traditional synthetic blends vs. reduced-rate organic formulations.
Main Results:
- Median dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) and total phosphorus (TP) stream concentrations were significantly lower in Period 2.
- No statistical difference was found in mean TP or DRP loading between the two periods.
- Substantial reduction in DRP and TP concentrations was achieved by switching to organic phosphorus and reducing application rates by over 75%.
Conclusions:
- Turf managers should consider organic phosphorus formulations, low-dose applications, and reduced rates to improve water quality.
- The fertilizer industry should develop and supply commercial blends with reduced or zero phosphorus content.
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