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Increases in pediatric antiretroviral treatment, South Africa 2005-2010

Sandeep D Patel1, Elysia Larson, Thobile Mbengashe

  • 1U. S. Indian Health Services, Belcourt, North Dakota, United States of America.

Plos One
|October 3, 2012
PubMed

Insights

The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) significantly increased pediatric HIV treatment in South Africa. This program averted deaths and added life-years for children, though more efforts are needed.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health Interventions

Background:

  • In 2010, South Africa had approximately 340,000 children under 15 living with HIV.
  • The study focuses on the expansion of antiretroviral treatment for pediatric HIV patients supported by PEPFAR between 2004 and 2010.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the increase in antiretroviral treatment for HIV-infected children in South Africa.
  • To evaluate the impact of PEPFAR-assisted treatment, including deaths averted and life-years gained.

Main Methods:

  • Review of routine program data from PEPFAR-funded implementing partners for children aged 15 and under on antiretroviral treatment.
  • Data quality assessed through routine analysis and logic checks.
  • Calculation of deaths averted and life-years gained using UNAIDS mortality rates for untreated children.

Main Results:

  • Monthly initiations on antiretroviral treatment increased from 154 to 2,641 between Oct 2004 and Sep 2010.
  • The number of children on treatment rose from 2,412 (Sep 2005) to 79,416 (Sep 2010).
  • Approximately 27,548 life-years were gained for children under five; younger children and males faced higher risks of program exit or death.

Conclusions:

  • Significant expansion of pediatric antiretroviral treatment in South Africa has been achieved.
  • Further case-finding and accelerated implementation of care and treatment services are crucial to meet existing needs.
Abstract

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