Amlodipine- induced gingival overgrowth: a case report

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) is a known side effect of certain medications, affecting genetically predisposed individuals.
• This condition manifests as significant gingival enlargement, primarily in the anterior region, impacting mastication, speech, and oral hygiene.
• Commonly implicated drugs include phenytoin, cyclosporine, and calcium channel blockers like amlodipine.

Observation:

• This case report details a patient experiencing amlodipine-induced gingival enlargement.
• The enlargement presented as a gross, disfiguring condition affecting the anterior gingiva.
• Symptoms included difficulties with chewing, speaking, and maintaining oral cleanliness.

Findings:

• Successful management of amlodipine-induced gingival enlargement was achieved through a multi-faceted approach.
• Key interventions included substituting the causative drug (amlodipine) with an alternative.
• A combination of non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatments, coupled with rigorous plaque control, was implemented.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of recognizing and managing drug-induced gingival overgrowth.
• Effective management strategies, including drug modification and comprehensive dental care, can lead to regression of the condition.
• Maintaining excellent oral hygiene is crucial for preventing recurrence of gingival enlargement in susceptible patients.