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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
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Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Investigating Angiogenesis on a Functional and Molecular Level by Leveraging the Scratch Wound Migration Assay and the Spheroid Sprouting Assay
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Published on: May 31, 2024

"Sprouting angiogenesis", a reappraisal.

Domenico Ribatti1, Enrico Crivellato

  • 1Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy. domenico.ribatti@uniba.it

Developmental Biology
|October 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores sprouting angiogenesis, detailing endothelial cell specialization into tip, stalk, and phalanx cells. It covers signaling pathways and morphological processes crucial for new blood vessel formation and maturation.

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Investigating Angiogenesis on a Functional and Molecular Level by Leveraging the Scratch Wound Migration Assay and the Spheroid Sprouting Assay
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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from existing ones, occurs via sprouting or intussusceptive growth.
  • Endothelial cells exhibit functional specialization during angiogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of sprouting angiogenesis.
  • To detail endothelial cell specialization and the signaling pathways involved.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on angiogenesis.
  • Analysis of endothelial cell behavior and signaling pathways.
  • Examination of morphological processes in vessel development.

Main Results:

  • Endothelial cells differentiate into tip, stalk, and phalanx cells with distinct roles.
  • Signaling pathways like Notch, VEGF, semaphorins, and netrins regulate cell phenotypes.
  • Key morphological events include lumen formation, network assembly, remodeling, and stabilization.

Conclusions:

  • Sprouting angiogenesis is a complex, regulated process involving specialized endothelial cells and intricate signaling networks.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for studying vascular development and disease.