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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

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Updated: May 18, 2026

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs
11:00

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs

Published on: June 12, 2018

miRNA-miRNA interaction implicates for potential mutual regulatory pattern.

Li Guo1, Beili Sun, Qian Wu

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. lguo@njmu.edu.cn

Gene
|October 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sense and antisense microRNAs (miRNAs) interact across species, forming duplexes and showing distinct expression levels. This discovery enriches our understanding of miRNA regulatory networks.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs
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Published on: June 12, 2018

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
07:23

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

Published on: June 15, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Recently identified natural sense/antisense microRNAs (miRNAs) reside on the same genomic region.
  • Limited knowledge exists regarding the distribution and interactions of these miRNA pairs across diverse animal species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a systematic analysis of sense/antisense miRNA pairs in humans, mice, and rats.
  • To investigate the expression patterns of these miRNA pairs using deep sequencing data.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative genomic analysis of miRNA pairs across human, mouse, and rat.
  • Expression profiling using publicly available deep sequencing datasets.

Main Results:

  • Sense/antisense miRNA interactions and common miRNA pairs were observed across species, forming complementary duplexes.
  • These pairs exhibited specific chromosomal localizations, arising from homologous genes, clusters, or multicopy pre-miRNAs.
  • A notable finding was the significant expression divergence between paired miRNAs, with one member being highly abundant and the other rare, alongside the prediction of shared target messenger RNAs (mRNAs).

Conclusions:

  • The interaction and differential expression of miRNA pairs suggest a complex regulatory network within the miRNA world.
  • This study contributes to expanding the known miRNA regulatory network.