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Updated: May 18, 2026

Minced Tissue in Compressed Collagen: A Cell-containing Biotransplant for Single-staged Reconstructive Repair
Published on: February 24, 2016
Tissue restructuring by energy-based surgical tools
Marek K Dobke1, Thomas Hitchcock, Lisa Misell
1Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA. mdobke@ucsd.edu
Abstract:
Energy-based noninvasive surgical tools can be used for ablative bio-stimulation (eg, collagen production) or tissue restructuring functions (eg, tightening or lifting) and are the subject of this review. The authors present the various methods and tools for noninvasive cosmetic surgery (ultrasound, radiofrequency, cryolipolysis, and lasers) and present the clinical outcomes of each. They summarize techniques and methods and their indications, physical parameters and tissue target, and consistency.
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