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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectroscopy: Chemical Shift Overview01:15

NMR Spectroscopy: Chemical Shift Overview

The position of the absorption signal of a sample is reported relative to the position of the signal of tetramethylsilane (TMS), which is added as an internal reference while recording spectra. The difference between the absorption frequencies of the sample and TMS (in Hz) is divided by the spectrometer operating frequency (in MHz) to obtain a dimensionless quantity called the chemical shift. It is reported on the δ (delta) scale and expressed in parts per million.
For instance, the proton...
NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds01:14

NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds

Aromatic compounds can be identified or analyzed using proton NMR and carbon‐13 NMR. Typically, aromatic hydrogens or hydrogens directly bonded to the aromatic rings are strongly deshielded by the aromatic ring current. Therefore, they absorb in the range of 6.5–8.0 ppm in proton NMR spectra. For instance, aromatic hydrogens directly bonded to the benzene ring absorb at 7.3 ppm. However, aromatic hydrogens of larger rings absorb farther upfield or downfield than the ideal range. Consider...
NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
NMR Spectroscopy Of Amines01:19

NMR Spectroscopy Of Amines

In proton NMR spectroscopy, primary amines and secondary amines showcase their N–H protons as a broad signal in the chemical shift range between δ 0.5 and 5 ppm. The exact position in this range depends on several factors, including sample concentration, hydrogen bonding, and the type of solvent used. Since amine protons undergo fast proton exchange in solution, the protons are labile and therefore do not participate in any splitting with adjacent protons. Thus, the observed peak is broad and...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.

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High-Temperature and High-Pressure In situ Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Elemental analysis by NMR.

Kazuyuki Takeda1, Naoki Ichijo, Yasuto Noda

  • 1Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan. takezo@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|October 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel field-variable Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) method for elemental analysis. This technique enhances signal acquisition efficiency across various isotopes, enabling quantitative elemental determination.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is a powerful spectroscopic technique.
  • Elemental analysis often requires specialized techniques or multiple experiments.
  • Standard NMR experiments can have varying signal acquisition efficiencies for different isotopes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of NMR for quantitative elemental analysis.
  • To develop a method for consistent signal acquisition efficiency across diverse isotopes.
  • To demonstrate a field-variable NMR approach for elemental determination.

Main Methods:

  • Proposing a frequency-fixed, field-variable NMR experiment.
  • Introducing constant-frequency receptivity for quantitative analysis.
  • Utilizing a cryogen-free superconducting magnet for field variation.
  • Applying the method to liquid solutions and solid-state samples (magic-angle spinning).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the feasibility of elemental analysis using field-variable NMR.
  • Achieved quantitative elemental analysis through constant-frequency receptivity.
  • Successfully applied the technique to both liquid and solid samples.

Conclusions:

  • Field-variable NMR offers a promising approach for elemental analysis.
  • The proposed method provides consistent efficiency for diverse spin species.
  • This technique expands the application of NMR in elemental composition studies.