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Amoxicillin prophylaxis in oral surgery.

M Sixou¹, J Burban, N Lakhssassi

¹Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Toulouse University, 3, Chemin des Maraîchers, 31400 Toulouse, France. cousty.s@chu-toulouse.fr

Revue De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale

|October 6, 2012

Summary

Prophylactic amoxicillin significantly reduced postoperative infections in complex oral surgery patients. This randomized trial found amoxicillin effective in preventing surgical site infections, particularly for third molar and avulsion procedures.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease

Published on: May 9, 2022

Area of Science:

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Infectious Disease Prevention
Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

Postoperative infection is a common complication following oral surgery.
No prior double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials have evaluated amoxicillin prophylaxis for oral surgery.
This pilot study addresses the need for evidence-based prophylactic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the efficacy of prophylactic amoxicillin (3g orally) versus placebo.
To determine the effectiveness of amoxicillin in preventing postoperative oral infections.
To provide data for future large-scale clinical trials.

Main Methods:

A 5-year, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Inclusion of healthy patients undergoing complex oral surgery.
Intention-to-treat analysis for final results.

Main Results:

286 patients were randomized to amoxicillin or placebo groups.
Postoperative infection occurred in 3/143 patients receiving amoxicillin versus 11/143 in the placebo group (P=0.001).
Amoxicillin prophylaxis demonstrated a hazard ratio of 0.27 (95% CI: 0.07-0.94).

Conclusions:

Prophylactic amoxicillin appears effective in preventing postoperative infections after complex oral surgery.
The benefit is particularly noted in procedures involving mandibular third molars and multiple avulsions.
Findings support amoxicillin as a potential preventative measure in specific oral surgical contexts.