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Related Experiment Videos

Response acquisition with delayed reinforcement.

K A Lattal1, S Gleeson

  • 1Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-6040.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
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Experimentally naive pigeons and rats spontaneously developed key pecking and lever pressing, respectively, to initiate food delivery. This demonstrates that new behavior can be established without direct training or immediate reinforcement.

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Operant Conditioning

Background:

  • Traditional operant conditioning emphasizes the necessity of training and reinforcement for behavior acquisition.
  • The role of unprompted behavior initiation and its maintenance remains an area of interest in understanding learning processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether novel behaviors can emerge and be maintained in naive animals without explicit shaping or immediate reinforcement.
  • To examine the conditions under which discrete responses initiate delay periods leading to reinforcement.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentally naive, food-deprived White Carneaux pigeons and Sprague-Dawley rats were used.
  • Discrete responses (key pecks in pigeons, lever presses in rats) initiated unsignaled delay periods ending with food delivery.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Control procedures ruled out time passage, food elicitation, operandum type, device location, and adventitious reinforcement as causal factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Both pigeons and rats spontaneously developed and maintained the discrete response without specific training or shaping.
    • The initiated response successfully established and maintained the behavior, indicating it was not solely due to chance.
    • Control procedures confirmed that the behavior was not a result of simpler explanations.

    Conclusions:

    • Neither explicit training nor immediate reinforcement is essential for establishing new behaviors.
    • The findings suggest that the initiation of behavior leading to delayed reinforcement can occur spontaneously.
    • Results contribute to understanding behavior initiation, reinforcement delay, and theories based on contingency, correlation, and contiguity.