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Pregnancies after hysteroscopic sterilization: a systematic review
Tara P Cleary1, Naomi K Tepper, Carrie Cwiak
1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
Contraception
|October 9, 2012
Summary
Pregnancies after hysteroscopic sterilization are rare, especially when placement is confirmed by imaging. Most pregnancies occurred before confirmation or in cases with inadequate follow-up, highlighting the importance of proper monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Contraception
- Gynecology
Background:
- Female sterilization is a common contraceptive method in the US.
- Hysteroscopic sterilization methods have been available since 2002.
- Limited data exists on pregnancy rates and timing after hysteroscopic sterilization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review evidence on pregnancy occurrence and timing after hysteroscopic sterilization.
- To assess the effectiveness of hysteroscopic sterilization methods.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of PubMed-searched studies from database inception to March 2012.
- Inclusion of original research articles reporting pregnancies after hysteroscopic sterilization.
- Analysis of data from Essure® and Adiana® placement studies.
Main Results:
- 102 pregnancies reported across 11 articles.
- 18 pregnancies occurred before the 3-month confirmation period.
- Pregnancies were rare in women with confirmed bilateral tubal occlusion via HSG, ultrasound, or X-ray.
Conclusions:
- Hysteroscopic sterilization is effective when placement and occlusion are confirmed by imaging.
- Pregnancies are rare beyond 3 months post-procedure with adequate follow-up.
- Further research is needed on long-term effectiveness.
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