BCL11B, FLT3, NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutation status in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a heterogeneous malignancy originating from developing lymphocyte precursors likely due to mutations in genes regulating thymocyte differentiation. Here, we characterized mutation status of BCL11B and FLT3 genes, presumably involved in T-ALL, together with FBXW7 and NOTCH1 as known players in T-ALL in 65 pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. We also aimed at the assessment of prognostic value of NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations in ALL-IC BFM 2002 protocol. FLT3 and BCL11B mutations were detected in 3% and 2% of patients, respectively. FBXW7 mutations were observed in 8% of patients, while NOTCH1 was mutated in 40%. No correlation was found between NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations and traditionally used clinical factors or molecular features. In total we have detected nine mutations, which have not been previously described by others. Eight of them were found in NOTCH1 and one in BCL11B gene. Observed frequencies of NOTCH1 and FBXW7 are in line with previous reports, thus confirming postulated participation of these two genes in T-ALL pathomechanism. Moreover, we report on mutation frequency of FLT3 and BCL11B, not extensively studied in T-ALL so far. Finally, we suggest a putative role of BLC11B as an oncogene in T-ALL pathogenesis.