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Updated: May 18, 2026
26:41
Perspectives on Neuroscience
Published on: July 31, 2007
Neuromodulation of neuronal circuits: back to the future
1Biology Department and Volen Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA. marder@brandeis.edu
Neuron
|October 9, 2012
Summary
Neuromodulators significantly alter nervous system function by changing neuron firing and synaptic strength. This dynamic neuromodulatory environment, not just the anatomical connections, shapes functional circuits and behavior.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neurobiology
- Systems Neuroscience
Background:
- Nervous systems exhibit neuromodulation, influencing neuronal activity.
- Neuromodulators are released locally, as cotransmitters, or via circulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the role of neuromodulation in shaping functional neural circuits.
- To understand how neuromodulatory environments specify circuit output and behavior.
Main Methods:
- This study is primarily theoretical, synthesizing existing knowledge on neuromodulation.
- Analysis of the interplay between anatomical connectivity and neuromodulatory influences.
Main Results:
- Neuromodulators transform intrinsic neuronal firing properties.
- Neuromodulators alter effective synaptic strength, reconfiguring circuits.
- Neuromodulatory environments critically specify functional circuits.
Conclusions:
- The anatomical connectome is a foundational structure, but the neuromodulatory environment dictates functional circuit dynamics.
- Neuromodulation is essential for specifying behavior through circuit reconfiguration.
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