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Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Laparoscopic Non-Mesh Cerclage Pectopexy with Uterine Preservation for Pelvic Organ Prolapse
03:30

Laparoscopic Non-Mesh Cerclage Pectopexy with Uterine Preservation for Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: October 25, 2024

Term pregnancy with umbilical cord prolapse.

Jian-Pei Huang1, Chie-Pein Chen, Chih-Ping Chen

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. huangjianpei@yahoo.com.tw

Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
|October 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Umbilical cord prolapse (UCP) occurs in 0.1% of term deliveries. Prompt detection and delivery, often via emergency cesarean section, are vital for good perinatal and long-term infant outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Neonatal Outcomes

Background:

  • Umbilical cord prolapse (UCP) is a rare but serious obstetric emergency.
  • Understanding UCP incidence, management, and outcomes is crucial for improving perinatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence, management, and perinatal and long-term outcomes of term pregnancies with UCP.
  • To identify factors associated with favorable or adverse outcomes in UCP cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of term deliveries with UCP at Mackay Memorial Hospital (1998-2007).
  • Data collection through chart review, computerized birth database, and telephone follow-up.
  • Analysis of delivery methods, Apgar scores, infant mortality, and long-term outcomes.

Main Results:

  • UCP incidence was 0.1% (40 cases out of 40,827 term deliveries).
  • Emergency cesarean section (CS) was performed in 65% of cases.
  • Poor perinatal outcomes were linked to delayed diagnosis or delivery; good perinatal outcomes correlated with good long-term outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Early detection and expeditious delivery are critical for positive perinatal outcomes in UCP.
  • Emergency CS is the primary management, but experienced teams may manage select vaginal deliveries.
  • Vaginal delivery is generally not recommended for UCP unless specific conditions are met.