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Related Experiment Videos

The effect of acute obstruction on ureteral function.

A R Crowley1, J C Byrne, E D Vaughan

  • 1Department of Surgery/Division of Urology, New York Hospital-Cornell University Medical Center, New York 10021.

The Journal of Urology
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Ureteral obstruction increases pressure and contractions above the blockage. However, peristaltic activity below the obstruction is reduced, potentially hindering stone passage through the ureter.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Ureteral stones cause significant patient discomfort and require understanding of transport dynamics.
  • Physiologic factors influencing ureteral stone transport are not fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate intraluminal ureteral pressures and peristaltic activity during acute ureteral obstruction.
  • To determine how these factors change above and below the obstruction site.

Main Methods:

  • An in vivo animal model using anesthetized mongrel dogs was developed.
  • Ureteral pressures and peristaltic activity were measured using ureteral and balloon catheters.
  • Experiments included control, obstruction (balloon inflation), and release (deflation) phases.

Main Results:

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  • Peristaltic rate and pressures (baseline, peak, delta) significantly increased above the obstruction compared to controls.
  • Peristaltic rate below the obstruction remained similar to controls.
  • Pressures significantly decreased below the obstruction, with a failure of effective peristalsis transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Acute ureteral obstruction alters intraluminal pressures and peristaltic activity.
  • The failure of peristalsis transmission across the obstruction may impede stone passage.
  • Segmental forces appear to influence ureteral peristaltic activity, even without urine flow.