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The Vestibular System

The Vestibular System

The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

A Human-machine-interface Integrating Low-cost Sensors with a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for Post-stroke Balance Rehabilitation

A Human-machine-interface Integrating Low-cost Sensors with a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for Post-stroke Balance Rehabilitation

Published on: April 12, 2016

Interactive wiimote gaze stabilization exercise training system for patients with vestibular hypofunction.

Po-Yin Chen¹, Wan-Ling Hsieh, Shun-Hwa Wei

¹Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation

|October 10, 2012

Summary

This study shows that computer-aided vestibular rehabilitation, using interactive games, significantly improved balance and reduced dizziness in patients with vestibular hypofunction. The benefits were sustained for at least one month post-training.

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Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Rehabilitation Medicine
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Peripheral vestibular hypofunction is a common cause of dizziness and falls.
Traditional gaze stabilization exercises are used for rehabilitation.
A novel computer-aided system was developed for vestibular rehabilitation.

Observation:

The system quantifies head-turning actions using infrared LEDs and receivers.
Training involved vestibular exercises integrated with computer and video games simulating daily activities.
Four patients with vestibular hypofunction underwent 6 weeks of training (30 min, twice weekly).

Findings:

Significant improvements in balance and dynamic visual acuity (DVA) were observed.
Patients reported decreased dizziness, anxiety, and depressed mood.
Self-confidence and physical performance improved, with sustained benefits for at least one month.

Implications:

Real-time performance monitoring enhances rehabilitation.
This interactive game approach offers a convenient, safe, and affordable treatment option.
The system shows potential for improving patient outcomes in vestibular disorders.