Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata02:04

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
Plasmodesmata02:32

Plasmodesmata

The organs in a multicellular organism’s body are made up of tissues formed by cells. To work together cohesively, cells must communicate. One way that cells communicate is through direct contact with other cells. The points of contact that connect adjacent cells are called intercellular junctions.
Plasmodesmata01:20

Plasmodesmata

In a multicellular organism, cells must communicate to work together in a coordinated manner. One way that cells communicate is through direct contact with other cells. The points of contact that connect adjacent cells are called intercellular junctions.
Intercellular junctions are a feature of fungal, plant, and animal cells. However, different types of junctions are found in different kinds of cells. Intercellular junctions found in animal cells include tight junctions, gap junctions, and...
C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
Water and Mineral Acquisition02:34

Water and Mineral Acquisition

Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Integrative multi-omic analysis identifies genes associated with cuticular wax biogenesis in adult maize leaves.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2024
Same author

A polarized nuclear position specifies the correct division plane during maize stomatal development.

Plant physiology·2023
Same author

The OPAQUE1/DISCORDIA2 myosin XI is required for phragmoplast guidance during asymmetric cell division in maize.

The Plant cell·2023
Same author

Polarly localized WPR proteins interact with PAN receptors and the actin cytoskeleton during maize stomatal development.

The Plant cell·2022
Same author

Integrating GWAS and TWAS to elucidate the genetic architecture of maize leaf cuticular conductance.

Plant physiology·2022
Same author

Structure-function analysis of the maize bulliform cell cuticle and its potential role in dehydration and leaf rolling.

Plant direct·2020
Same journal

Living sensors: Engineering plants to sense and report on their environments.

Current opinion in plant biology·2026
Same journal

Connecting the dots in plant metabolism: Isotopic labeling and metabolic flux analysis.

Current opinion in plant biology·2026
Same journal

Seeds in suspension: Cell type-specific control of seed dormancy and germination initiation.

Current opinion in plant biology·2026
Same journal

Amino acid sensing and signaling in plants.

Current opinion in plant biology·2026
Same journal

No energy, no defense: Metabolic input shapes defense signaling.

Current opinion in plant biology·2026
Same journal

Bridging paradoxes in recombination at NLR cluster: A structural genomics perspective.

Current opinion in plant biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Long-term, High-resolution Confocal Time Lapse Imaging of Arabidopsis Cotyledon Epidermis during Germination
12:01

Long-term, High-resolution Confocal Time Lapse Imaging of Arabidopsis Cotyledon Epidermis during Germination

Published on: December 31, 2012

Division polarity in developing stomata.

Michelle R Facette1, Laurie G Smith

  • 1Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, United States.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|October 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant stomata develop through asymmetric cell division, guided by intrinsic and extrinsic cues. While Arabidopsis uses both, maize relies on extrinsic cues, highlighting diverse molecular mechanisms in plant development.

More Related Videos

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells
11:31

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
05:22

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Long-term, High-resolution Confocal Time Lapse Imaging of Arabidopsis Cotyledon Epidermis during Germination
12:01

Long-term, High-resolution Confocal Time Lapse Imaging of Arabidopsis Cotyledon Epidermis during Germination

Published on: December 31, 2012

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells
11:31

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
05:22

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Cellular processes

Background:

  • Stomata formation involves asymmetric cell division in both dicots and monocots.
  • Polarity cues, intrinsic or extrinsic, are crucial for orienting these divisions.
  • Arabidopsis and maize represent distinct models for studying stomatal development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the mechanisms of stomatal development in Arabidopsis and maize.
  • To identify conserved and divergent pathways regulating asymmetric cell division in stomata.
  • To understand the roles of intrinsic and extrinsic polarity cues in different plant species.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of gene expression and protein localization in Arabidopsis and maize stomatal development.
  • Investigating the function of key polarity regulators like BASL and POLAR.
  • Utilizing genetic approaches to dissect signaling pathways involved in division orientation.

Main Results:

  • Arabidopsis utilizes both intrinsic (e.g., BASL, POLAR proteins) and extrinsic cues for variable asymmetric divisions.
  • Maize appears to rely solely on extrinsic cues for invariant stomatal complex formation.
  • Despite using receptor-like kinases, distinct protein sets and pathways regulate polarity in each species.

Conclusions:

  • Stomatal development pathways show significant divergence between dicots (Arabidopsis) and monocots (maize).
  • Extrinsic cues play a conserved role, but intrinsic mechanisms differ substantially.
  • Understanding these differences provides insights into the evolution of plant development and cellular polarity.