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Related Concept Videos

DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication uses a large number of...
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...
Replication in Prokaryotes02:35

Replication in Prokaryotes

Overview
Lagging Strand Synthesis01:59

Lagging Strand Synthesis

During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
There are several major differences between synthesis of the leading strand and synthesis of the lagging strand. 1) Leading strand synthesis happens in the direction of replication fork opening, whereas lagging strand synthesis happens in the...
The DNA Helix01:16

The DNA Helix

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Rapid PCR Thermocycling using Microscale Thermal Convection
09:02

Rapid PCR Thermocycling using Microscale Thermal Convection

Published on: March 5, 2011

Education: DNA replication using microscale natural convection.

Aashish Priye1, Yassin A Hassan, Victor M Ugaz

  • 1Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3122, USA.

Lab on a Chip
|October 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Innovative educational activities merge physical, chemical, and life sciences using microfluidics for DNA replication. This hands-on approach enhances student understanding of interdisciplinary science and its applications.

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Rapid PCR Thermocycling using Microscale Thermal Convection
09:02

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Published on: March 5, 2011

Visualizing Single-molecule DNA Replication with Fluorescence Microscopy
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Visualizing Single-molecule DNA Replication with Fluorescence Microscopy

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Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

Published on: March 23, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Interdisciplinary science education
  • Chemical engineering
  • Molecular biology
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Need for educational experiences unifying physical, chemical, and life sciences.
  • Microfluidics as a versatile tool for interdisciplinary learning.
  • Importance of applying knowledge to societal benefit through new technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce chemical engineering students to molecular biology.
  • Develop hands-on activities using microscale natural convection for DNA replication (polymerase chain reaction - PCR).
  • Investigate the positive impact of these activities on student learning.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of convective PCR stations with microfluidic reactors.
  • Utilizing a motion analysis microscope for visualizing flow patterns with fluorescent tracers.
  • Developing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) exercises to model microscale thermal convection.
  • Conducting cognitive assessments to evaluate learning outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Successful implementation of hands-on activities integrating microfluidics and molecular biology.
  • Demonstration of microscale natural convection for polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  • Positive impact on student learning identified through cognitive assessments.

Conclusions:

  • Microfluidic-based hands-on activities effectively teach fundamental principles at the physical, chemical, and life science interface.
  • Harnessing microscale natural convection for DNA replication is a viable educational strategy.
  • Interdisciplinary learning experiences positively influence student comprehension and engagement.