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Essential proteins such as insulin or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and micronutrients such as iron enter a eukaryotic cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Subsequently, the early endosomes fuse with the vesicles containing such receptor-ligand complexes and play a vital role in sorting the incoming ligands and receptors. While the ligands are either degraded inside the vesicle or released into the cytosol, their receptors are returned to the plasma membrane for further rounds of...
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Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes
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Published on: May 10, 2022

Transferrin-mediated cellular iron delivery.

Ashley N Luck1, Anne B Mason

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.

Current Topics in Membranes
|October 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human serum transferrin (hTF) transports iron via its two lobes. pH changes trigger iron release from hTF by the transferrin receptor (TFR), crucial for iron homeostasis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Iron homeostasis is vital, regulated by iron transport proteins.
  • Human serum transferrin (hTF) binds and transports Fe(3+) in two lobes.
  • The transferrin receptor (TFR) mediates iron uptake into cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pH-dependent interactions between hTF and TFR.
  • To understand the mechanism of TFR-mediated iron release from hTF.
  • To identify critical pH-specific contact points governing hTF/TFR binding.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized recombinant protein production to study hTF/TFR interactions.
  • Reviewed existing literature on iron transport and receptor binding.
  • Analyzed pH-induced conformational changes and binding dynamics.

Main Results:

  • hTF binds one Fe(3+) per lobe in a cleft.
  • Acidification of endosomes triggers Fe(3+) release from hTF.
  • Iron-free hTF remains bound to TFR at acidic pH, releasing upon cell surface recycling.

Conclusions:

  • pH-induced events are critical for controlling TFR-mediated iron release from hTF.
  • Understanding hTF/TFR interactions is key to efficient cellular iron delivery.
  • A model for pH-regulated iron release from hTF is supported by current research.