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Related Concept Videos

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Evaluation of Respiratory System Mechanics in Mice using the Forced Oscillation Technique
13:10

Evaluation of Respiratory System Mechanics in Mice using the Forced Oscillation Technique

Published on: May 15, 2013

Airway hyperresponsiveness: new insights into the pathogenesis.

Marek Lommatzsch1

  • 1Department of Pneumology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany. marek.lommatzsch@med.uni-rostock.de

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|October 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma involves inflammation and structural changes, with obesity as a key factor. New therapies are needed to address persistent airway abnormalities, especially in severe, treatment-resistant asthma.

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A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice
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A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Evaluation of Respiratory System Mechanics in Mice using the Forced Oscillation Technique
13:10

Evaluation of Respiratory System Mechanics in Mice using the Forced Oscillation Technique

Published on: May 15, 2013

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice
09:58

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a hallmark of asthma, driven by diverse triggers like inflammation and epithelial dysfunction.
  • Structural airway abnormalities, including smooth muscle, vascular, and neural changes, contribute significantly to AHR.
  • Obesity is an emerging factor influencing asthma diagnosis and AHR pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted pathogenesis of AHR in asthma.
  • To highlight the role of obesity in asthma and AHR.
  • To underscore the need for novel therapeutic strategies targeting structural airway changes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on asthma pathogenesis and AHR.
  • Analysis of the impact of inflammatory and non-inflammatory triggers on airway function.
  • Examination of the role of structural airway remodeling.

Main Results:

  • AHR results from a complex interplay of epithelial, microbial, and inflammatory factors.
  • Structural airway changes can persist independently of inflammation, impacting AHR.
  • Current anti-inflammatory treatments show limited efficacy against established AHR due to structural alterations.

Conclusions:

  • Asthma management requires addressing both inflammation and persistent structural airway changes.
  • Obesity represents a critical factor in asthma pathogenesis and AHR.
  • Development of new therapies targeting airway remodeling is crucial for treatment-resistant severe asthma.