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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
09:35

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Published on: September 11, 2015

Physiological challenges of bone repair.

Joseph Borrelli1, Chris Pape, David Hak

  • 1Texas Health Physicians Group, Orthopedic Medicine Specialists, Arlington, TX, USA. josephborrelli@texashealth.org

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
|October 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reviews how chronic inflammation, diabetes, hypovitaminosis, aging, and polytrauma impair bone healing after fractures. Understanding these factors is crucial for improving fracture repair outcomes.

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
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Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Published on: September 11, 2015

Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
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Comprehensive Characterization of Tissue Mineralization in an Ex Vivo Model
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Bone fracture healing is a complex biological process involving various cells and signaling molecules.
  • Disruptions in this process can lead to delayed bone repair, impacting patient recovery and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which specific clinical conditions negatively influence bone healing after fracture.
  • To highlight the importance of addressing these conditions for optimizing fracture repair.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical and basic science research.
  • Analysis of factors affecting bone repair in conditions such as chronic inflammation, diabetes, hypovitaminosis, aging, and polytrauma.

Main Results:

  • Identified key clinical conditions associated with delayed bone healing.
  • Summarized the detrimental effects of these conditions on cellular and molecular aspects of fracture repair.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic inflammation, diabetes, hypovitaminosis, aging, and polytrauma are significant risk factors for impaired bone healing.
  • Further research and clinical management strategies are needed to mitigate the negative impact of these conditions on fracture repair.