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Prostaglandin D2, a neuromodulator.

T Shimizu, N Mizuno, T Amano

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |December 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Prostaglandin D synthetase activity is highest in rat brain and spinal cord. This enzyme produces prostaglandin D2, potentially acting as a neuromodulator in the central nervous system.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biochemistry
    • Enzymology

    Background:

    • Prostaglandins are lipid compounds with diverse hormone-like effects in animals.
    • Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is a specific type of prostaglandin.
    • Understanding the distribution and function of enzymes like prostaglandin D synthetase is crucial for neuroscience research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the distribution of prostaglandin D synthetase activity in various rat tissues.
    • To investigate the production of PGD2 in neuroblastoma and glioma cell lines.
    • To explore the potential role of PGD2 as a neuromodulator in the central nervous system.

    Main Methods:

    • Tissue homogenization and preparation of supernatant fractions.
    • Assay of prostaglandin D synthetase activity in different rat tissues.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of prostaglandin D2 production in cultured neuroblastoma and glioma cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Highest prostaglandin D synthetase activity was observed in the brain, spinal cord, and alimentary tract.
    • Activity was widespread throughout the brain, with peak levels in the hypothalamus and thalamus.
    • Neuroblastoma cell lines produced PGD2, while glioma cells showed minimal activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Prostaglandin D synthetase is widely distributed in the central nervous system, particularly in specific brain regions.
    • PGD2 is produced by neuroblastoma cells and activates adenylate cyclase.
    • PGD2 may function as a neuromodulator within the central nervous system.