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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Strategies for Assessing Autistic-Like Behaviors in Mice
07:38

Strategies for Assessing Autistic-Like Behaviors in Mice

Published on: September 20, 2024

An ecological study on childhood autism.

Sophie St-Hilaire1, Victor O Ezike, Henrik Stryhn

  • 1Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada. ssthilaire@upei.ca

International Journal of Health Geographics
|October 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Environmental factors like drinking water sources and weather may influence autism rates. This study explored links between autism prevalence, water sources, and environmental conditions in the Pacific Northwest.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Epidemiology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Idiopathic autism (autism spectrum disorder) has seen a significant increase over the past 25 years.
  • Genetic susceptibility combined with unknown environmental triggers is a suspected cause.
  • Rising autism prevalence necessitates investigation into environmental and meteorological factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if county-level autism prevalence in the Pacific Northwest is associated with drinking water sources.
  • To investigate if this association is modified by environmental pollutants and meteorological factors.
  • To explore the role of environmental triggers in autism etiology.

Main Methods:

  • Linear regression modeling was employed to analyze county-level data.
  • Drinking water sources (surface water vs. other) were examined in relation to autism prevalence.
  • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) risk data for neurological disease and meteorological data were incorporated.

Main Results:

  • A significant association between precipitation and autism prevalence was found, contingent on the proportion of surface water in the county's drinking supply.
  • A positive association between EPA neurological disease risk and autism prevalence was observed, specifically in warmer climate regions.
  • The interplay between water source, meteorological factors, and autism prevalence was highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that environmental factors are associated with autism.
  • Meteorological factors appear to play a significant role in the relationship between environmental exposures and autism.
  • Findings suggest that the source of drinking water and climate may influence autism risk.