Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 17, 2026

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
Published on: May 6, 2018
Treatment of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children: new guidelines from KDIGO
Rebecca M Lombel1, Elisabeth M Hodson, Debbie S Gipson
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. rlombel@med.umich.edu
Insights
The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guideline offers updated management for pediatric steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). It summarizes evidence-based recommendations for treating children with this challenging kidney disease.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Clinical Practice Guidelines
Background:
- Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) affects children unable to achieve remission with corticosteroids.
- Managing pediatric SRNS requires updated, evidence-based clinical guidance.
- The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) group addresses this need.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the KDIGO clinical practice guideline for managing pediatric SRNS (ages 1-18).
- To provide practitioners with evidence-based recommendations for SRNS treatment in children.
- To review relevant treatment trials supporting guideline recommendations.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of available evidence on SRNS management in children.
- Development of clinical practice guideline recommendations based on evidence quality.
- Inclusion of a review of pertinent treatment trials for each recommendation.
Main Results:
- The guideline provides specific management recommendations for pediatric SRNS.
- Evidence supporting recommendations is based on the best available data, acknowledging limitations.
- Key treatment trials relevant to each recommendation are discussed.
Conclusions:
- The KDIGO guideline offers a comprehensive approach to pediatric SRNS management.
- Practitioners can utilize these recommendations for improved patient care.
- Further research, particularly large-scale randomized controlled trials, is needed to strengthen evidence.
Abstract:
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) recently published the clinical practice guideline on glomerulonephritis (GN) to assist the practitioner caring for patients with GN. Chapter 4 of the guideline focuses on managing children aged 1-18 years with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), defined by an inability to achieve complete remission with corticosteroid therapy. Guideline development followed a thorough evidence review, and management recommendations and suggestions were based on the best available evidence. Limitations of the evidence, including the paucity of large-scale randomized controlled trials, are discussed. This article provides both the guideline recommendations and a brief review of relevant treatment trials related to each recommendation. This précis serves as a summary of the complete guidelines recently published.
Related Concept Videos
Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

