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Related Concept Videos

Colonisation of Pathogens01:25

Colonisation of Pathogens

Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
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Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
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High-throughput Assay to Phenotype Salmonella enterica Typhimurium Association, Invasion, and Replication in Macrophages
11:10

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Published on: August 11, 2014

Host-pathogen interaction in invasive Salmonellosis.

Hanna K de Jong1, Chris M Parry, Tom van der Poll

  • 1Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Plos Pathogens
|October 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Salmonella infections vary, with Typhoid fever and non-typhoidal Salmonella causing different illnesses. Understanding Salmonella pathogenesis and host-pathogen interactions is key to developing new therapies.

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Published on: September 22, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Salmonella enterica causes diverse infections, from self-limiting diarrhea to severe bacteremic illnesses like Typhoid fever.
  • Clinical manifestations of Salmonella infections differ based on serovar, host immunity, and geographic location.
  • Recent advances in genomics and host-pathogen interaction studies offer new insights into Salmonellosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore host-pathogen interactions in Salmonellosis.
  • To compare the genomic differences between Salmonella serovars and their impact on pathogenesis.
  • To elucidate the immune response mechanisms triggered by Salmonella infections.

Main Methods:

  • Genome sequencing of various Salmonella enterica serovars.
  • Murine models to study Salmonella pathogenesis.
  • Patient studies to analyze clinical manifestations and immune responses.
  • Characterization of Salmonella virulence factors and their genetic basis (e.g., SPIs, plasmids).

Main Results:

  • Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A cause Typhoid fever, a distinct bacteremic illness.
  • Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars typically cause diarrhea, with primary bacteremia in specific populations.
  • Genomic analysis reveals gene inactivation in S. Typhi and invasive ST313 S. Typhimurium strains, correlating with different immune evasion strategies.
  • Salmonella virulence factors interact with host Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs), triggering inflammatory cytokine production.
  • S. Typhi evades local immune responses by preventing neutrophil attraction, leading to systemic infection, unlike S. Typhimurium.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic differences significantly influence Salmonella serovar pathogenicity and host immune response.
  • Understanding Salmonella pathogenesis, including virulence factors and immune evasion mechanisms, is crucial for therapeutic development.
  • Targeting Salmonella-host interactions presents potential strategies for novel treatments against Salmonellosis.