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Maintenance of the ES Cell State

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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

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MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Identification of Key Factors Regulating Self-renewal and Differentiation in EML Hematopoietic Precursor Cells by RNA-sequencing Analysis

Identification of Key Factors Regulating Self-renewal and Differentiation in EML Hematopoietic Precursor Cells by RNA-sequencing Analysis

Published on: November 11, 2014

miRNAs regulate stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.

Zuoren Yu¹, Yuan Li, Huimin Fan

¹Research Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Genetics

|October 12, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. This review details miRNA roles in stemness, cancer stem cells, and epigenetic control of cell fate.

Keywords:

epigenetic modification microRNA self-renewal stem cell

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Area of Science:

Stem cell biology
Epigenetics
Molecular oncology

Background:

Stem cells self-renew and differentiate via symmetric/asymmetric divisions.
This balance is governed by transcription factors, epigenetic networks, and microRNAs (miRNAs).

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the role of miRNAs in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.
To describe miRNA involvement in cancer stem cell regulation and malignancy.
To discuss the interplay between miRNAs and epigenetics in controlling stem cell fate.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis of existing research on miRNAs and stem cells.
Analysis of miRNA regulatory mechanisms in normal and cancerous stem cells.
Examination of the relationship between miRNAs and epigenetic modifications.

Main Results:

miRNAs are crucial regulators of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation pathways.
Dysregulation of miRNAs contributes to cancer stem cell characteristics and malignancy.
miRNAs and epigenetic modifications exhibit reciprocal interactions influencing stem cell fate.

Conclusions:

MicroRNAs play a multifaceted role in stem cell biology, impacting both normal development and disease.
Understanding miRNA-epigenetic interactions is vital for targeting cancer stem cells and developing novel therapies.