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Updated: May 17, 2026

A Protocol to Characterize the Morphological Changes of Clostridium difficile in Response to Antibiotic Treatment

A Protocol to Characterize the Morphological Changes of Clostridium difficile in Response to Antibiotic Treatment

Published on: May 25, 2017

Clostridium difficile postantibiotic diarrhoea diagnosis.

Syed Ali Haider Naqvi¹, Faisal Fiaz Chaudhry

¹Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Sindh Government Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. alihaider1950@gmail.com

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP

|October 13, 2012

Summary

Clostridium difficile is a primary cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. In resource-limited settings, cycloserine-cefoxitin-fructose agar (CCFA) is a cost-effective diagnostic tool for this condition.

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Published on: December 8, 2014

Area of Science:

Medical Microbiology
Infectious Diseases
Gastroenterology

Background:

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common complication following antibiotic treatment.
Clostridium difficile is a significant pathogen implicated in AAD, necessitating accurate and accessible diagnostic methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the frequency of Clostridium difficile in patients experiencing postantibiotic diarrhea.
To evaluate the utility of cycloserine-cefoxitin-fructose agar (CCFA) for diagnosing C. difficile in resource-limited settings.

Main Methods:

An observational study was conducted at a secondary care hospital from June 2002 to May 2009.
Adult patients with watery stools after antibiotic administration were included. Stool samples were analyzed for leukocytes and cultured on CCFA.
Data on patient demographics, antibiotic use, and clinical findings were collected and statistically analyzed.

Main Results:

Out of 473 patients receiving antibiotics, 191 (40.38%) developed diarrhea.
Clostridium difficile was identified in 57 patients (29.18%) via CCFA culture.
Ampicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate were the most frequently implicated antibiotics.

Conclusions:

Clostridium difficile is the main cause of postantibiotic diarrhea.
CCFA is a cost-effective and sensitive diagnostic method for C. difficile in resource-limited environments.
Macrolides and quinolones appear to be safer antibiotic choices in this context.