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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Vagina01:26

Vagina

The vaginal canal is a tubular structure averaging about 10 cm in length that acts as the entryway to the female reproductive system and the passageway for menstrual flow and childbirth. The interior walls of the vagina exhibit concentric folds called rugae and are topped by an area known as the fornix, which connects with the protruding cervical portion of the uterus. This canal is comprised of an external fibrous layer, a muscular middle layer, and an inner lining with mucosal rugae, which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
08:09

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

A functional ectopic vaginal anus: a rare clinical entity.

Mukhtar Mehboob1, Samina Naz, Shahina Tabassum

  • 1Department of Surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto General Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan. mehboob87300@yahoo.com

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|October 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case study details a successful two-stage surgical repair for a 20-year-old female with a functional ectopic vaginal anus, restoring fecal continence. Post-operative rehabilitation led to a Wexner score of zero, indicating complete recovery.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
08:09

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Colorectal Surgery
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gynecologic Surgery

Background:

  • Functional ectopic vaginal anus is a rare congenital anomaly.
  • It presents challenges in diagnosis and surgical management.
  • Continence and quality of life are significant concerns for affected individuals.

Observation:

  • A 20-year-old female presented with fecal incontinence due to a functional ectopic vaginal anus and imperforate anus.
  • The patient exhibited fecal passage through the vagina but maintained voluntary fecal continence.
  • Physical examination confirmed the anatomical abnormalities.

Findings:

  • A two-stage surgical approach was employed, including anoplasty and posterior vaginal wall repair with a protective loop colostomy.
  • The colostomy was subsequently closed after three months.
  • The patient achieved a Wexner score of 3 post-operatively, improving to 0 after pelvic floor rehabilitation.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the efficacy of a staged surgical intervention for functional ectopic vaginal anus.
  • Successful surgical correction and rehabilitation can restore fecal continence and improve quality of life.
  • Pelvic floor rehabilitation is a crucial component of post-operative care in such cases.