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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Modeling Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage Through Intraventricular Injection of Hemoglobin

Modeling Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage Through Intraventricular Injection of Hemoglobin

Published on: August 25, 2022

Periventricular hemorrhage: a problem still today.

Andrew Whitelaw¹

¹University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. andrew.whitelaw@bristol.ac.uk

Early Human Development

|October 13, 2012

Summary

Periventricular hemorrhage (PVH) in premature infants is reduced by antenatal corticosteroids and improved care. Further research is needed to prevent long-term disability from PVH and its complications.

Area of Science:

Neonatal neurology
Perinatal medicine
Pediatric critical care

Background:

Periventricular hemorrhage (PVH) affects very premature infants due to fragile blood vessels and unstable circulation.
Antenatal corticosteroids have significantly decreased PVH incidence.
Improved neonatal care, including cardio-respiratory stabilization and avoidance of hypoxia/trauma, also contributes to reduced PVH.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current understanding and management of PVH in premature infants.
To identify factors contributing to PVH and its long-term consequences.
To highlight areas for future research to improve outcomes.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on PVH and its management.
Analysis of factors influencing PVH incidence and severity.

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Modeling Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage Through Intraventricular Injection of Hemoglobin

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Modeling Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Prematurity in Rats

Modeling Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Prematurity in Rats

Published on: March 28, 2025

Discussion of current treatment strategies and their limitations.

Main Results:

Antenatal corticosteroids are effective in reducing PVH.
Increased survival of extremely premature infants leads to a higher number of severe PVH cases annually.
Delayed cord clamping may further reduce PVH.
Medications for PVH exist but lack widespread adoption due to unproven disability reduction.
Posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) and parenchymal hemorrhagic infarction significantly increase disability.

Conclusions:

While PVH incidence has decreased, severe cases persist, particularly in extremely premature infants.
Current treatments for PHVD focus on pressure and distortion avoidance.
Further research is crucial to investigate novel therapeutic approaches, including seizure management, blood removal, and anti-inflammatory/antioxidant strategies, to improve long-term prognosis.