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Evaluation of a Universal Nested Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Lyssaviruses

Evaluation of a Universal Nested Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Lyssaviruses

Published on: May 2, 2019

[Hantavirus diseases].

Tatjana Avsic-Zupanc¹

¹Istituto di Microbiologia e Immunologia, Facolta' di Medicina, Universita' di Lubiana, Lubiana - Slovenia.

Giornale Italiano Di Nefrologia : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Nefrologia

|October 13, 2012

Summary

Hantaviruses are emerging viruses causing chronic infections in rodents, which can lead to severe human diseases like hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Increased global surveillance and diagnostic efforts are crucial for managing these growing public health concerns.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Infectious Diseases
Epidemiology

Context:

Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses primarily infecting small mammals, with increasing recognition of their impact on human health.
Human infections result in severe clinical syndromes: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS).
Global emergence and discovery of new hantaviruses highlight their status as a significant public health issue.

Purpose:

To provide a comprehensive review of current knowledge on hantavirus infections.
To discuss the epidemiology, ecology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of hantaviruses.
To present updated concepts on the management and treatment of hantavirus infections.

Summary:

Hantaviruses cause persistent infections in rodents and can be transmitted to humans, leading to HFRS or HCPS.
Understanding of hantavirus epidemiology and pathogenesis has advanced, yet infections may be underreported due to mild or asymptomatic cases and diagnostic challenges.
This review synthesizes current scientific understanding of hantavirus infections, covering their entire spectrum from transmission to clinical management.

Impact:

Enhances understanding of a globally significant emerging infectious disease.
Highlights the need for improved diagnostics and surveillance for hantaviruses.
Informs public health strategies for prevention and control of hantavirus diseases.