Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia
13:13

Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia

Published on: August 24, 2011

Neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism in East Azerbaijan, Iran: the first report

Ali Hossein Zeinalzadeh1, Malihe Talebi

  • 1Department of Community Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. zenalali@gmail.com

Journal of Medical Screening
|October 13, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) affects 1 in 666 neonates in East Azerbaijan, Iran, with a higher prevalence than global averages. This highlights the critical need for ongoing neonatal screening programs to detect CH early.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a common endocrine disorder in newborns.
  • Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent developmental delays.
  • Neonatal screening programs are essential for identifying CH in at-risk populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in neonates in East Azerbaijan, Iran.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the neonatal screening program in the region.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2009 to 2010, screening 62,459 neonates.
  • Heel blood samples were analyzed for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) using ELISA.
  • Abnormal results (TSH>20 mIU/L, T4<6.5 mg/dL) prompted re-examination.

Main Results:

  • A total of 62,459 infants were screened, with a re-call rate of 2.5% (1562 infants).
  • 94 cases of CH were diagnosed, resulting in a prevalence of 1:666.
  • The female-to-male ratio for CH was 1:1.4.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of CH in East Azerbaijan is higher than global estimates.
  • The findings underscore the importance and effectiveness of the established neonatal screening program.
  • Continued surveillance and early intervention are vital for managing CH in this region.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Amplitude-Integrated EEG in Infants at Risk of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study in Road and Air Transport in Western Australia05:15

Amplitude-Integrated EEG in Infants at Risk of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study in Road and Air Transport in Western Australia

Published on: June 21, 2024

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...