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The effect of nitrate on ethylene biofiltration
Sang-Hun Lee1, Congna Li, Albert J Heber
1Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 South University St., West Lafayette, 47907-2093 IN, USA. lee323@alumni.purdue.edu
Journal of Hazardous Materials
|October 16, 2012
Summary
Perlite filter media with no nitrate achieved 10-50% higher ethylene (C2H4) removal efficiencies than Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) media. High nitrate concentrations inhibited ethylene-degrading microorganisms.
Area of Science:
- Environmental biotechnology
- Bioremediation
- Chemical engineering
Background:
- Ethylene (C2H4) is a volatile organic compound requiring efficient removal from industrial emissions.
- Biofiltration offers a sustainable method for C2H4 removal, but media type and nutrient composition are critical factors.
- Nitrate (NO3-) is a common nutrient in biofiltration, yet its impact on C2H4 degradation is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of filter media (perlite vs. Granular Activated Carbon - GAC) and nitrate concentrations on C2H4 biofiltration performance.
- To determine the optimal conditions for maximizing C2H4 removal efficiency in biofilters.
- To assess the inhibitory effects of high nitrate levels on C2H4 degrading microorganisms.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of perlite-bed and GAC-bed biofilters and biotrickling filters.
- Application of nutrient solutions with zero and 2 g L(-1) nitrate concentrations.
- Operation under controlled conditions: 175-day duration, 30s Empty Bed Residence Time (EBRT), 7 L min(-1) flow rate, and 20-30 mg m(-3) inlet C2H4.
Main Results:
- Perlite media with zero nitrate achieved 10-50% higher C2H4 removal efficiencies compared to other configurations.
- High nitrate concentration (2 g L(-1)) potentially inhibited C2H4 degrading microbial activity.
- Perlite media outperformed GAC, attributed to its hydrophilic surface promoting higher moisture content and microbial growth.
Conclusions:
- Perlite is a superior filter medium for C2H4 biofiltration, especially when supplied with nitrate-free nutrient solutions.
- Nitrate concentration significantly impacts biofiltration efficiency, with high levels acting as inhibitors.
- Optimizing media properties and nutrient management is crucial for effective C2H4 bioremediation.
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