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Related Concept Videos

What is the Cell Cycle?00:56

What is the Cell Cycle?

The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events occurring throughout a typical cell’s life. In eukaryotic cells, the somatic cell cycle has two stages: the interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows, performs its basic metabolic functions, copies its DNA, and prepares for mitotic cell division. Then, during mitosis and cytokinesis, the cell divides its nuclear and cytoplasmic materials, respectively. This generates two daughter cells that are identical to the original...
What is the Cell Cycle?01:04

What is the Cell Cycle?

The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events occurring throughout a typical cell’s life. In eukaryotic cells, the somatic cell cycle has two stages: interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows, performs its basic metabolic functions, copies its DNA, and prepares for mitotic cell division. Then, during mitosis and cytokinesis, the cell divides its nuclear and cytoplasmic materials, respectively. This generates two daughter cells that are identical to the original...
What is the Cell Cycle?00:56

What is the Cell Cycle?

The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events occurring throughout a typical cell’s life. In eukaryotic cells, the somatic cell cycle has two stages: the interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows, performs its basic metabolic functions, copies its DNA, and prepares for mitotic cell division. Then, during mitosis and cytokinesis, the cell divides its nuclear and cytoplasmic materials, respectively. This generates two daughter cells that are identical to the original...
What is the Cell Cycle?01:04

What is the Cell Cycle?

The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events occurring throughout a typical cell’s life. In eukaryotic cells, the somatic cell cycle has two stages: interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows, performs its basic metabolic functions, copies its DNA, and prepares for mitotic cell division. Then, during mitosis and cytokinesis, the cell divides its nuclear and cytoplasmic materials, respectively. This generates two daughter cells that are identical to the original...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols

Published on: June 6, 2017

Atypical E2Fs drive atypical cell cycles.

Joy H Meserve1, Robert J Duronio

  • 1Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.

Nature Cell Biology
|October 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atypical E2F transcription factors promote polyploidy in mammals, challenging previous theories on the function of these large cells. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms behind polyploid cell formation in tissues like the placenta and liver.

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
12:02

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Published on: June 6, 2017

Generation and Isolation of Cell Cycle-arrested Cells with Complex Karyotypes
05:22

Generation and Isolation of Cell Cycle-arrested Cells with Complex Karyotypes

Published on: April 13, 2018

Temporal Tracking of Cell Cycle Progression Using Flow Cytometry without the Need for Synchronization
08:52

Temporal Tracking of Cell Cycle Progression Using Flow Cytometry without the Need for Synchronization

Published on: August 16, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Polyploid cells, characterized by having more than two sets of chromosomes, are known to exist in mammalian tissues, including the placenta and liver.
  • However, their precise biological functions and the underlying mechanisms of their formation have not been fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of atypical E2F transcription factors in the formation of polyploid cells in mammals.
  • To challenge existing hypotheses regarding the functional significance of polyploidy in mammalian development and tissue homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetic and molecular biology techniques to study E2F transcription factors in mammalian cell models.
  • Analyzed gene expression patterns and cell cycle progression in relation to polyploidy induction.

Main Results:

  • Identified atypical E2F transcription factors as key regulators that promote the generation of polyploid cells in mammals.
  • Demonstrated a direct link between the activity of these specific E2F factors and the increase in polyploidy observed in certain cell types.

Conclusions:

  • Atypical E2F transcription factors play a critical role in the formation of mammalian polyploid cells.
  • These findings necessitate a re-evaluation of current theories on the function and importance of polyploidy in mammalian biology, particularly in tissues like the liver and placenta.