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Updated: May 17, 2026

Engineering Tendon Assembloids to Probe Cellular Crosstalk in Disease and Repair
Published on: March 22, 2024
Variations in tendon stiffness due to diets with different glycotoxins affect mechanical properties in the
J Grasa1, B Calvo, C Delgado-Andrade
1Aragón Institute of Engineering Research, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. jgrasa@unizar.es
Abstract:
Passive elastic behavior of tendon tissue from rats subjected to different dietary treatments was characterized. For that purpose, twenty-four weanling Wistar rats (41.02 ± 0.16 g) were randomly distributed into four groups. During 88 days each group was fed on different diets: control diet and diets containing advanced glycation end products (AGEs) from glucose-lysine model system, from bread crust and bread dough, respectively. After the trial animals were sacrificed and tendon samples were extracted and tested mechanically to fracture in a uniaxial tensile test machine. A transversely-hyperelastic model was formulated based on stress-strain relationships and its parameters were fit to the experimental data using the Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm. Material parameters were incorporated in a finite element model to study different stress-strain distributions in a muscle-tendon unit. Results show higher strains and stresses in the muscle belly when properties of a stiffer tendon associated with a diet rich in AGEs are included in the model. A real increase in this mechanical response of the tissue could imply possible pain in joint mobility.
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