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Related Concept Videos

Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions in the Cell01:27

Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions in the Cell

If energy releases during a chemical reaction, then the resulting value will be a negative number. In other words, reactions that release energy have a ∆G < 0. A negative ∆G also means that the reaction's products have less free energy than the reactants because they gave off some free energy during the reaction. Scientists call reactions with a negative ∆G, and which consequently release free energy, exergonic reactions. Exergonic means energy is exiting the system. We also refer to these...
Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER01:28

Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER

Biological membranes are more than just a barrier separating cell cytoplasm from the outside environment. They are highly dynamic and help maintain the integrity and physiological stability of the cells as well as membrane-bound organelles. Membranes also play vital roles in cell-to-cell and intracellular communication.
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
Lifecycle of Erythrocytes01:22

Lifecycle of Erythrocytes

Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, constantly move through blood capillaries. As a result, they damage their plasma membrane due to the continuous friction. Typically, after 100 to 120 days, erythrocytes become rigid and fragile as they wear out. As they pass through small vessels in the spleen and liver, they can get trapped and break apart into fragments.
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups.
Eukaryotic Evolution01:24

Eukaryotic Evolution

The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
Bootstrapping01:24

Bootstrapping

The term "bootstrap" originated in the 19th century as a metaphor for self-improvement or achieving something independently, without external assistance. This concept extends to statistical bootstrapping, a self-contained method for estimating population parameters through resampling, even though it can be computationally intensive. Developed by the American statistician Dr. Bradley Efron in 1979, bootstrapping provides a robust way to perform inference when the original sample size is small or...

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Laser-Induced Fluorescence Emission (L.I.F.E.) as Novel Non-Invasive Tool for In-Situ Measurements of Biomarkers in Cryospheric Habitats
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Launching eLife, Part 1.

Randy Schekman, Mark Patterson, Fiona Watt

    Elife
    |October 16, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The new open-access journal eLife is now available, featuring high-quality scientific research. It aims to enhance the peer-review process and improve the presentation of research findings.

    Keywords:
    eLifeopen accesspeer reviewpublishing

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Research
    • Life Sciences

    Background:

    • The landscape of scientific publishing is evolving.
    • There is a need for journals that prioritize both research quality and innovative presentation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To announce the launch of eLife, a new open-access journal.
    • To highlight eLife's commitment to publishing high-quality science.
    • To outline eLife's goals of improving peer review and research presentation.

    Main Methods:

    • eLife has launched and made its initial content available.
    • Content is accessible via PubMed Central.
    • The journal focuses on rigorous scientific standards.

    Main Results:

    • eLife's first content is now publicly accessible.
    • The journal is committed to open-access principles.
    • eLife aims to set new standards in scientific publishing.

    Conclusions:

    • eLife represents a significant development in scientific publishing.
    • The journal is poised to influence the dissemination of research.
    • eLife offers a platform for high-impact scientific discoveries.