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Cardiac metastases.

E C Klatt1, D R Heitz

  • 1Department of Laboratories and Pathology, Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center 90033.

Cancer
|March 15, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Cardiac metastases were found in 10.7% of autopsy cases. Lung cancer was the most common primary source, with adenocarcinoma being the frequent cell type. Lymphomas in AIDS patients showed extensive cardiac involvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Metastases to the heart are a significant finding in cancer autopsies.
  • Understanding the primary sources and characteristics of cardiac metastases is crucial for patient management and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence, primary sites, cell types, and patterns of cardiac metastases in a large autopsy cohort.
  • To investigate the association between cardiac metastases and pericardial effusions, and the impact of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1029 autopsy cases diagnosed with malignant neoplasms.
  • Detailed examination of cardiac metastatic lesions, including primary site, cell type, and anatomical involvement (epicardium, pericardial effusion).

Main Results:

  • Cardiac metastases were identified in 10.7% of cases.
  • Lung (36.4%) was the most common primary site, with adenocarcinoma (36.4%) as the frequent cell type.
  • Epicardial involvement occurred in 75.5%, and pericardial effusion in 33.7% of epicardial metastases. Hemorrhagic effusions were strongly associated with cardiac metastases (76.4% of such effusions).
  • Lymphomas in AIDS patients demonstrated extensive cardiac involvement.
  • Trends in primary sites and cell types have evolved due to medical advancements and the AIDS epidemic.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac metastases are relatively common, with lung cancer being the predominant source.
  • The pattern of cardiac metastases is influenced by factors including chemotherapy, increased cancer survival, and the AIDS epidemic.
  • Specific tumor types, like lymphomas in AIDS patients, show distinct patterns of cardiac involvement.

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