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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis
16:01

Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis

Published on: January 26, 2015

Do mast cells link obesity and asthma?

N Sismanopoulos1, D-A Delivanis, D Mavrommati

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Allergy
|October 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Obesity may worsen asthma by activating mast cells, which release inflammatory molecules like interleukin-9 and interleukin-33. Targeting mast cells could offer new treatments for both obesity and asthma.

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Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice
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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis
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Published on: January 26, 2015

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice
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Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice

Published on: May 27, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Metabolic disease

Background:

  • Asthma and obesity are increasing globally, with links between them unclear.
  • Obesity's impact on lung inflammation and asthma exacerbation requires further investigation.
  • Mast cells are implicated in both conditions, potentially mediating inflammatory responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of mast cells in obesity-associated asthma.
  • To identify specific molecules linking obesity to mast cell activation and lung inflammation.
  • To evaluate potential therapeutic targets for co-managing asthma and obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated mast cell involvement in asthma and obesity.
  • Analyzed adipocytokines (e.g., IL-9, IL-33) and stress molecules (e.g., CRH, NT) secreted by mast cells.
  • Examined synergistic effects of these molecules on mast cell secretion (e.g., VEGF, TNF).

Main Results:

  • Mast cells are central to both asthma and obesity, acting as sources and targets of adipocytokines and stress molecules.
  • CRH and NT synergistically increase VEGF secretion from mast cells.
  • IL-33 and NT modulate VEGF and TNF release, while IL-9 and IL-33 promote mast cell infiltration and allergic inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Mast cells and their secreted molecules (IL-9, IL-33, CRH, NT) play a significant role in linking obesity to asthma pathogenesis.
  • Obesity impairs treatment response to glucocorticoids and bronchodilators.
  • Mast cell inhibitors and flavonoid combinations show promise for managing comorbid asthma and obesity.