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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

Primary mucosal melanomas: a comprehensive review.

Marija Mihajlovic1, Slobodan Vlajkovic, Predrag Jovanovic

  • 1Department of Clinical Research, Nis, Serbia.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology
|October 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mucosal melanomas, rare cancers of the mucous membranes, are diagnosed late and have poor prognoses. Emerging molecular insights offer hope for developing effective systemic therapies for these aggressive tumors.

Keywords:
Mucosal melanomagastrointestinalrespiratoryurogenital

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Primary mucosal melanomas originate from melanocytes in various mucosal membranes, including respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts.
  • Common sites include the nasal cavity, oral cavity, and anorectum, but they can arise almost anywhere.
  • Occult locations and lack of specific early signs lead to late diagnosis and poor prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of primary mucosal melanomas.
  • To discuss their epidemiological and clinical features, and treatment options.
  • To compare characteristics of mucosal melanomas with cutaneous melanomas.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of primary mucosal melanomas.
  • Analysis of epidemiological and clinical data.
  • Comparison with cutaneous and ocular melanoma characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Mucosal melanomas have a lower five-year survival rate compared to cutaneous and ocular melanomas.
  • Surgery is the primary treatment, with a trend towards conservative approaches.
  • Radiotherapy offers local control but not improved survival; no effective systemic therapy currently exists.

Conclusions:

  • Mucosal melanomas are aggressive with poor prognoses, necessitating further research.
  • Established protocols for staging and treatment are lacking due to rarity.
  • Recent molecular discoveries provide hope for future targeted systemic therapies.