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Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in Korean children
Jong Kil Nam1, Sung Woo Park, Sang Don Lee
1Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, Korea. toughkil76@naver.com
Yonsei Medical Journal
|October 18, 2012
Summary
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) in children is rare and often mimics cancer. This study reviewed Korean pediatric XGP cases, finding fever and abdominal pain common, with nephrectomy the usual treatment for diffuse forms.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Pediatric Urology
- Pediatric Radiology
Background:
- Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is an uncommon chronic inflammatory kidney disease.
- XGP can present as a renal mass, often mimicking neoplastic processes in children.
- Limited data exists on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pediatric XGP in Korea.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of pediatric Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) in Korean children.
- To enhance understanding of this rare condition in a pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 14 Korean children diagnosed with XGP (2 from the institution, 12 from literature).
- Analysis of patient records for age, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, imaging characteristics, and management.
- Categorization of XGP into focal and diffuse forms based on preoperative imaging.
Main Results:
- The mean age of patients was 79.4 months.
- Common symptoms included fever (85.7%), abdominal pain (57.1%), and palpable mass (28.6%).
- Leukocytosis, anemia, and pyuria were observed in 57.1% of cases. Thirteen children underwent nephrectomy, while one received conservative management.
Conclusions:
- Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) should be considered in children with renal masses, particularly when associated with fever, leukocytosis, or stones.
- Nephrectomy is the preferred treatment for diffuse XGP.
- Focal XGP may be managed with partial nephrectomy or conservative medical therapy.
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