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Nausea and vomiting after surgery: it is not just postoperative
1Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Heaven, Connecticut 06520-8051, USA. lance.lichtor@yale.edu
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|October 19, 2012
Summary
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) are significant surgical concerns. Strategies exist to minimize, prevent, and treat these conditions, considering individual patient variability.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pharmacology
- Patient Outcomes
Background:
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) are highly distressing complications for surgical patients.
- These conditions significantly impact patient satisfaction and recovery.
- Individual patient factors, including genetics, influence susceptibility and treatment response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the occurrence of PONV and PDNV.
- To explore the underlying causes of PONV and PDNV.
- To discuss current prevention and treatment strategies for PONV and PDNV.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on PONV and PDNV.
- Analysis of anesthetic techniques and pharmacological interventions.
- Consideration of patient-specific factors and genetic predispositions.
Main Results:
- PONV/PDNV remains a significant challenge, often ranked as a primary patient concern post-surgery.
- While current therapies are imperfect, anesthetic choices and available medications can mitigate the problem.
- Genetic factors play a role in individual susceptibility and differential treatment efficacy for PONV/PDNV.
Conclusions:
- Anesthetic selection is crucial; avoid agents that may exacerbate PONV/PDNV.
- Aggressive treatment of PONV/PDNV is recommended.
- Recognize that patient responses to antiemetic drugs vary, necessitating personalized approaches.
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