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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs

Published on: December 22, 2023

Continuous support for women during childbirth.

Ellen D Hodnett¹, Simon Gates, G Justus Hofmeyr

¹Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. ellen.hodnett@utoronto.ca.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|October 19, 2012

Summary

Continuous support during labor significantly improves birth outcomes, increasing spontaneous vaginal births and reducing interventions. This essential care benefits both mothers and infants without known harm.

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Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Maternal and Child Health
Evidence-Based Midwifery

Background:

Historically, continuous labor support by women for women was standard practice.
Contemporary hospital settings often lack routine continuous intrapartum support for laboring women.
This gap highlights a shift away from traditional, supportive birthing practices.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of continuous, one-to-one intrapartum support versus usual hospital care.
To investigate if support effectiveness varies based on provider relationship and hospital policies.
To determine if the timing of support initiation influences outcomes.

Main Methods:

Systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Inclusion of published and unpublished RCTs comparing continuous support with usual care.
Data extracted and quality assessed by two independent reviewers; random-effects models used.

Main Results:

Continuous support increased spontaneous vaginal birth rates (RR 1.08) and reduced cesarean births (RR 0.78).
Labor duration decreased (MD -0.58 hours), with less need for analgesia and lower dissatisfaction.
Benefits observed for maternal and infant outcomes, with no adverse effects noted; effectiveness varied by provider type.

Conclusions:

Continuous intrapartum support offers significant clinical benefits for women and newborns.
This form of support is associated with improved birth experiences and outcomes.
Universal provision of continuous labor support is recommended for all women.