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Endothelial injury in childhood stroke with cerebral arteriopathy: a cross-sectional study

Despina Eleftheriou1, Vijeya Ganesan, Ying Hong

  • 1Paediatric Rheumatology Department, Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond St Hospital for Children, London, UK. d.eleftheriou@ich.ucl.ac.uk

Neurology
|October 19, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Children with recurrent arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) show higher levels of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and microparticles (MPs), indicating increased endothelial injury and thrombotic tendency compared to single AIS events.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and microparticles (MPs) are biomarkers of endothelial injury and activation.
  • These markers may play a role in the pathophysiology of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in CECs and MPs between children with single versus recurrent AIS events.
  • To assess the functional significance of MPs in relation to AIS recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 46 children with AIS and cerebral arteriopathy.
  • CECs and MPs were quantified using immunomagnetic bead extraction and flow cytometry.
  • MP-mediated thrombin generation was assessed using a fluorogenic assay.

Main Results:

  • Children with recurrent AIS exhibited significantly elevated levels of CECs compared to single AIS events and controls.
  • Total circulating annexin V+ MPs, particularly those of endothelial or platelet origin expressing tissue factor, were higher in recurrent AIS cases.
  • Enhanced MP-mediated thrombin generation was observed in children with recurrent AIS, linking inflammation, endothelial injury, and thrombotic tendency.

Conclusions:

  • Indices of endothelial injury and cellular activation differ between single and recurrent childhood AIS events.
  • This study highlights a potential role for CECs and MPs in understanding AIS pathophysiology and prognosis.
  • The findings suggest these biomarkers may aid in risk stratification for recurrent AIS.
Abstract

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