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[The characteristics of orofacial clefts in small communities]

Georgeta Zegan1, Gabriela Lesner

  • 1Disciplina de Ortodonţie şi Ortopedie Dento-facială, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicini şi Farmacie "Grigore T. Popa"--Iaşi

Revista Medico-Chirurgicala a Societatii De Medici Si Naturalisti Din Iasi
|October 20, 2012
PubMed

Insights

The incidence of orofacial clefts in institutionalized children decreased significantly between 1987 and 1997. Cleft lip and palate was the most common type, with correlations found with various factors.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Genetics

Context:

  • Orofacial clefts represent a significant congenital anomaly with potential long-term health and social implications.
  • Institutionalized children may face unique challenges and environmental factors influencing health outcomes.
  • Understanding prevalence and associated factors is crucial for targeted interventions and resource allocation.

Purpose:

  • To determine the prevalence of orofacial clefts in institutionalized children in Iasi.
  • To investigate correlations between orofacial clefts and factors such as sex, birth weight, environment, maternal age, and associated diseases.
  • To analyze trends in orofacial cleft incidence over a decade.

Summary:

  • A study of 37 institutionalized newborns with orofacial clefts (1987-1997) in Iasi revealed a decreasing incidence from 7.42% to 2.18%.
  • Cleft lip and palate was most frequent (54.06%), followed by cleft lip (37.84%) and cleft palate (8.10%).
  • Significant correlations were identified between cleft types and sex, birth weight, environment, maternal age, and associated diseases.

Impact:

  • The findings highlight a declining trend in orofacial clefts among institutionalized children, suggesting potential improvements in prenatal care or environmental factors.
  • The study underscores the high prevalence of combined cleft lip and palate and associated complications, emphasizing the need for comprehensive management.
  • Results indicate the importance of considering multiple factors in the etiology and management of orofacial clefts, guiding future research and clinical practice.
Abstract

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